What is Pathology - Which inflammatory mediators cause constriction, dilatation, or enhanced permeability in blood vessels?
Vasoconstriction: The action of thromboxane A2 and leukotrienes causes this. Prostaglandins, lipoxins, and NO all work together to cause vasodilation. Increased vascular permeability: Leukotrienes increase vascular permeability. In the early phases of inflammation, histamine causes a rapid but transitory rise in venule permeability. Bradykinin is a "slower" homologue of histamine (recall that brady in Greek means "slow"). Vascular permeability is also increased by leukotrienes and PAF. Various inflammatory mediators have different effects on different arteries. Histamine dilates the venules while constricting the arterioles. PAF can produce both vasodilation and constriction of the blood vessels.
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