Computer Science - Microsoft Windows Operating System
Both desktops and laptops can operate the Microsoft Windows operating system, as seen in. Microsoft produces "Windows" editions for smaller gadgets like tablets and cellphones, but these are very different from the desktop versions. You can use Windows to run programmes, handle files, connect to the Internet and other networks, and pretty much anything else you could possibly want to do with a computer. Although Windows 10 is the most recent edition, you might also run into Windows Vista, Windows 7, and Windows 8.1.
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Computer Science - Dedicated Computers
For many years, multi-user computers allowed users to carry out computing tasks ranging from the straightforward, like creating documents, to the complicated. Beginning in the 1970s, single-user computers known as dedicated computers increasingly replaced multi-user computers for almost all computing tasks. These days, a PC is the designation for the most popular specialised computer. A normal personal computer (PC) comes with a few peripherals—devices that allow you to interact with the machine, like a keyboard, mouse, and monitor—and runs an operating system like Microsoft Windows, for instance . You can operate on a PC without connecting to another computer because of its internal processing and storage capabilities. A PC is a dedicated computer, but numerous users can definitely take turns. Because they are so much smaller than mainframes and minicomputers, PCs are sometimes referred to as microcomputers. In order for personal computers to interact and share resources, they can be connected to one another in a computer network. Processing power is still controlled by each networked device in a network setting, but data storage can be centralised on a single computer that all other computers can access, known as a file server, making it simpler for each PC to manage and back up data files. PCs differ not only in terms of powers but also in terms of how portable they are. This has to do with both the size and the simplicity of packing and moving the complete computer. Multi User Computer
A multi-user computer can accommodate multiple users simultaneously. This group includes mainframes, minicomputers, and supercomputers. Nowadays, the majority of people use specialised computers, but multi-user computers are still helpful. A multi-user computer that logs transactions and updates the store's inventory database typically connects to every computerised cash register in a sizable retail establishment so that individual registers can't become out of sync. Powerful computers known as mainframes were extensively used in the academic, banking, industrial, and scientific fields from their debut in the 1940s until the 1970s. Mainframes excel at multitasking, allowing hundreds or even thousands of concurrent user sessions (each with its own set of files and programmes). Minicomputers, which are scaled-down versions of mainframes, were also well-liked by companies that didn't require the complete power (and cost) of a mainframe. Modern mainframes and minicomputers are less common because there are more affordable, more portable alternatives. Supercomputers are probably the most powerful computers in the world because they concentrate the power of a mainframe computer on a single task. The majority of supercomputers are solitary, enormous machines with hundreds or thousands of cooperating processors. Supercomputers work on complex projects like the following: • Counting census results; • Gathering geothermal imaging information; • Discovering the solution to existence, the cosmos, and everything. The complex computer produced imagery (CGI) effects for movies are rendered by supercomputers, along with other necessary processing tasks. Computer Science - Data Assets
After people, data assets are typically given the highest value by both individuals and companies. Data are unprocessed elements that can be transformed into information (now called information), such as summaries and reports. Reports can give quick access to data analysis, which can lead to better business decisions. It's simple to repair a broken operating system, but how do you restore research data, customer transaction data, service sales information, and other data without backups? Enterprises are required to safeguard data confidentiality as well as make sure information is accessible when needed and fast recoverable in the event of a disaster. In many instances, businesses must abide by laws and rules pertaining to the collection, use, and capture of data. Some facts have special or creative qualities. Intellectual property refers to this kind of information (IP). To name a few, Authors can use copyrights to protect their creative works, whereas inventors can use patents to protect their creations. Many copies of some IP, such as a digital music file or movie, are intended to be sold; they are referred to as "digital products." Another component of IP is a trademark, which is a distinctive symbol or phrase used to distinguish a company or item. Computer Science - Data Storage
Modern computing is built on the ability to store enormous amounts of data and programmes for future use, making it difficult to fathom what the earliest computers looked like. Programs and data were frequently typed by hand, incorporated directly into the device, or recorded as a series of holes punched in paper cards or tape in the decades before massive, high-quality internal data storage devices were the norm. For a very long period, these restrictions kept programmes small and straightforward. The first commercial data storage devices of the early 1950s could have easily stored a small modern smartphone app (or even simply a picture taken with one), but doing so would have cost thousands of dollars per month in today's currency. Files are often used to organise data. Even though these are frequently assembled from numerous separate files, every image, song, video, and piece of writing typically has its own file. Programs can consist of just one file, but the majority of contemporary apps include multiple files, in which case the programming instructs the computer on how to assemble all the components. Computer Science - Programming
Programming is the means by which programmers have control over the type of work that these computations do. For computers, there are two types of programming: operating systems and applications. Interacting with a computer is made possible by an operating system (OS). It specifies the commands the system may execute as well as the methods you can use to click, talk, tap, or input them. Applications are a type of specialised programming (or programme) that gives the computer the ability to carry out particular tasks. Before continuing, there are a few more words you should be familiar with, so let's look at how they relate to the iPhone, a well-known smartphone. A device is the iPhone. It is a gadget or bit of hardware, so you can throw it out a window. The iPhone has a processor inside that handles most of the calculating and processing tasks, and Apple iOS serves as the device's operating system. This programming or software provides you with screen icons to hit, among other things. Everything else is framed or given form by the operating system. • FaceTime is an app, a piece of software that lets you carry out a particular job. Computer Science -Processors
Despite the varied functions that each of these devices performs, they are all powered by one or more extremely quick electronic calculators known as processors, which carry out (or execute) calculations that are specified by the device's programming. The basic things you need to know about processors are that they are all quite similar and that all of these devices employ processors to conduct work, however we could go into graphic detail about how processors function at the microscopic level. Computer Science-Internet of Things (IOT) Devices
Internet of Things (IoT) devices which exclude conventional desktops, laptops, servers, and smartphones, are specialised computing devices that exchange data over the Internet. These are some examples of IoT devices: Smart automobiles, baby monitors, residential and commercial environmental control, home appliances like refrigerators, and voice-activated speakers like Amazon Echo, Google Home, and Apple HomePod are just a few examples of the technology that is used to monitor patients. IoT device sending data can provide various security risks, such as the potential for remote attacker control of an IoT device. Computer Science - Characteristics of Computing Devices
The magic you can perform with a smartphone, such as an Apple iPhone or a Samsung Galaxy, is illustrated by a few real-world examples. It is capable of casting spells that give you the ability to: • Communicate with individuals everywhere in the globe from a bed or a bathroom stall. • Use an Apple iPhone to play a fantastic game with outstanding graphics like Alto's Adventure • Take a high-resolution photo or video, the latter of which includes images and sound, and send it to anyone using a computer that is linked to the Internet. • Manage a small business • Participate in a real-time, full-motion video call FaceTime video calls • Using a smartphone app to view and control home or commercial environmental conditions Anyone seen a current smartphone in the early 20th century would have recognised it as a miraculous invention. The point is that you constantly utilise computing equipment, and while it's acceptable for consumers to regard them as something magical, the goal of IT is to remove this enchantment and replace it with knowledge. You deal with computers when you buy groceries or gas. For that matter, when you get in a car, you depend on the computer to safely transport you from point A to point B. You are undoubtedly interacting with a computing device when you sit down in front of a screen running Windows and use Microsoft Word to write an essay for class or a report for work. Where else do you come across computers? • Video game consoles like the PlayStation 3, Wii, and Xbox; tablets (like the Apple iPad) and phablets (phone/tablet combos); digital cameras; entertainment hardware like DVRs and televisions; clocks and watches; motorcycles; appliances like refrigerators and washing machines; cash registers; automated teller machines (ATMs); manufacturing machinery in factories; inventory management systems in warehouses; and Internet of Things Introduction to Computer Science
Modern marvels like the International Space Station, driverless automobiles, breathtaking visual effects in movies, and almost instant access to the information of the whole human race (via the Internet) all depend on sophisticated devices called computers. Math is done incomparably quickly by a computer or other computing gear. Over time, some clever individuals have discovered a way to represent practically anything you can see or hear as a collection of numbers. With anything you can feel, touch, taste, or simply imagine about, people just like them are working diligently to accomplish the same thing. To be more precise, the majority of these representations—which we refer to as data—are composed of enormous series of ones and zeros. Before you realise that this "info" is actually just numbers, a fancy calculator that produces spectacular cinematic effects can sound like something from Jack and the Beanstalk. A little (okay, a lot) of math will allow a computer to alter (or even build from scratch) the sounds and visuals it generates because they are formed of numbers Programmers create commands that employ math to modify data in accordance with a pattern. Special effects creators, as well as everyone else who uses computers for work, use applications chock full of helpful commands to manipulate computers into doing various kinds of magic. |
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