What is ENT - How does the audiologist differentiate between a problem with air conduction and a problem with bone conduction?
When conducting observations of a patient's hearing threshold using air conduction, either headphones or insert earphones are used to transmit sound to the patient. In the event that a hearing deficit is identified, bone conduction hearing thresholds will subsequently be evaluated. A vibrating device, known as a bone oscillator, is placed on the mastoid, which is located behind the ear, in order to evaluate bone conduction. The bone oscillator provides stimulation to the cochlea, which allows it to function independently of the external and internal ears. Patients who have SNHL have hearing sensitivities that are the same or very close to being the same via bone conduction and air conduction. This is because the hearing loss originates from the cochlea or further. Patients who have CHL have normal cochlear function; as a result, their hearing thresholds are improved when they transmit sound through the bone as opposed to when they transmit sound through the air. The space that exists between the thresholds of air conduction and bone conduction is referred to as the air-bone gap. (ABG).
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