Cardiovascular History – Shortness of Breath
-Approach patient -introduce yourself -take the patient’s name, date of birth and occupation -during exertion how far can you walk on hill, flat or stairs before shortness of breath. -how many pillows do you sleep with ( associated with pulmonary edema where the fluid is built in the lung which leads to orthopnea. Present with shortness of breath when lying flat due to redistribution of fluid over a greater surface area of the lungs) -do you wake at night gasping for air due to shortness of breath ( paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea – worsening orthopnea / heart failure) -any shortness of breath at rest / due to left heart failure -any other symptoms such as wheeze, cough, pink frothy sputum, hemoptysis, pain on inspiration or pleuritic pain.
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