What is Pathology - How acidic or alkaline is the cytoplasm of injured cells?
Intracellular pH drops from neutral to acidic as a result of cell damage. Inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation, for example, promotes anaerobic glycolysis, which results in lactic acid buildup in the cytoplasm. The acidification of the cytoplasm is further aided by phospholipid-released phosphates and ATP. Most enzymes are inhibited by an acidic environment, with the exception of those in lysosomes, which thrive in an acidic environment. Acid hydrolases released from lysosomes may have a role in cell damage as well.
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