What is Pathology – Pericarditis
Pathophysiology The pericardial cavity is inflamed by pericarditis. The fibrous muscle layer that encircles the heart is called the pericardial sac. It holds and is bathed in roughly 25–50 mL of serous fluid under normal conditions. The pericardial sac can become inflamed by a variety of illnesses, medical conditions, and medications. In pericarditis, the capacity may rise to 1,500 mL. Both hospital treatments and trauma can result in hemopericardium. Evaluation and Diagnostic Results • Radiating substernal chest pain, dyspnea, low-grade fever, cough, and pericardial friction rub. This pain worsens with deep inspiration or laying flat and is somewhat alleviated by sitting up straight and leaning forward. • Blood chemistries to detect uremia; pericardiocentesis fluid analysis to identify the causal agent; ECG shows ST-T wave elevation; echocardiogram shows pericardial effusions; CT scans and MRI can show the status of the pericardial tissue and effusions. Complications • Pericardial effusion, which is the buildup of fluid there. • A significant pericardial effusion reduces cardiac filling, which can result in shock or mortality. Heart failure is brought on by pericarditis with constriction. Medical Attention and Surgical Procedure The causative element affects the drug therapy. • Pericardiocentesis, which involves opening a window in the pericardium or performing a balloon pericardiotomy to treat chronic or recurrent pericarditis. • Tell customers to go to the hospital right away if they have chest pain or dyspnea. • After pericardiocentesis, keep an eye on your ECG, oxygen saturation, and respiratory comfort. • Examine patients having invasive cardiac procedures for pericarditis following the procedure.
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