What is Pathology – Pneumothorax
Pathophysiology The visceral and parietal pleura may generate potential space, which lowers pressure there. Negativity is lost when a potential space is breached by trauma or a pathologic event, and the real space then fills with air (pneumothorax) or blood. (hemothorax). • Lung tissue is compressed by positive pressure in the pleural cavity, which reduces gas exchange and results in atelectasis. Evaluation and Diagnostic Results • Dyspnea, anxiety, and sudden-onset pleural discomfort. • Hemoptysis, uneven chest movement, lack of breath sounds in the affected lung area, and oxygen saturation. • Atelectasis on the CXR and anomalous ABG results. Complications • Mediastinal change and breathing difficulty. • Acidosis of the lungs. • Emphysema subcutaneous. medical attention and surgical procedure • If the pneumothorax is large (>30%), inserting a chest tube causes suction in the pleural cavity, which restores negative pressure. • A thoracotomy with fluid evacuation provides relief for lung collapse caused by pathology (injury to the pleura from illness). Pleurodesis may be necessary for recurrent pneumothorax. • The thoracic tube may remain in position for a number of days. • It's necessary to use bronchodilators, practise deep breathing and coughing, and have regular x-rays. • Check for subcutaneous emphysema in the chest, auscultate the lungs every 4 hours, and monitor O2 saturation. • Remind the client to request painkillers as necessary, particularly if the chest tube is being taken out. • Keep in mind: After the pleural space has been cleared of a significant quantity of fluid, carefully check for hypotension.
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