What is Pathology - What are the most important bactericidal chemicals that neutrophils use?6/3/2022 What is Pathology - What are the most important bactericidal chemicals that neutrophils use? Bacteria can be killed by one of two methods:
& Oxygen-dependent killing: The oxygen burst caused by the activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is the basis for this mechanism. Superoxide is formed when NADPH is oxidised, and it spontaneously changes into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Myeloperoxidase uses H2O2 as a substrate, linking it to a chloride ion to produce hypochloric acid. The most powerful bactericidal chemical produced in phagosomes is hypochloric acid, which is identical to home Clorox. & Oxygen-independent killing: While less effective than oxygen-dependent killing, this process is crucial in the fight against bacteria. The actions of lysozyme, lactoferrin, and cationic proteins are all important (e.g., defensin). Some bacteria are poisoned by the acidic environment inside phagocytic vacuoles. In persons with a congenital lack of NADPH oxidase (chronic granulomatous illness) or myeloperoxidase deficiency, eliminating microorganisms without oxygen is extremely critical.
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